Introduction:
Premature birth is a condition that disrupts the normalcy of the family and can affect the mental health of the mother. The purpose of this study is to seek, analyze and present all the studies that investigate the relationship between premature birth and postpartum depression and have been published in the last 20 years.

Material and Methods:
The research method used to conduct this dissertation is the literature review. To conduct it, a literature search of electronic databases containing medical topics was required.

Results:
According to research, it seems that premature birth is a difficult and stressful experience for parents. The mother's emotional adjustment can put her at risk by plunging her into postpartum depression, with negative consequences for her baby.

Conclusions:
The incidence of postpartum depression ranges from 10-15%, while other studies report a prevalence of 3.5-17.5% when interviewing with weighted diagnostic tools is used and 3-25% when using a questionnaire. In the international literature, however, the term "impact on new mothers" prevails and this is estimated at about 10-20%, a percentage that increases to 26% in adolescent mothers and 38.2% in the firstborn and economically weaker placentas^1,2.